Genital Warts: How to Spot, Treat, and Prevent Them

Genital warts are far more prevalent than most people think. They are caused by a virus (HPV, or human papillomavirus) and typically transmitted through sex. Some people may not even realize they have them, while others feel overwhelmed when they appear.

Although not dangerous, they can be stressful and uncomfortable to have to cope with. But genital warts are treatable, and you’re not alone. If you’re concerned about a lump, have an affected partner, or simply wish to learn more about warts, this guide can help.

What Are Genital Warts?

Genital warts are small, flesh-colored bumps that develop around or on your genitals or anus. They’re caused by a virus referred to as HPV, which is short for human papillomavirus.

There exist various types of HPV. Some cause warts, and others cause other, potentially serious, medical conditions. Types that cause warts are typically HPV types 6 and 11.

Warts may appear on the penis, vagina, vulva, anus, and occasionally within the mouth or throat. They may be elevated or flat, small or large, and at times cluster together like cauliflower.

How Can You Get Genital Warts?

Warts are transmitted through skin-to-skin contact, typically during intercourse.

You can get them from:

• Vaginal or anal sex
• Oral sex
• Touching genitals or sharing sex toys

Most people who have HPV do not have symptoms but are nevertheless infectious. The virus enters through small cuts or friction during sex. You can not catch it from toilet seats or swimming pools.

Your risk is higher if you:

• Have a weak immune system
• Have numerous sexual partners.
• Don’t use condoms or dental dams.

Genital Warts in Men vs. Women

In men, warts most typically show up on the penis, scrotum, or the anus. They may also occur inside the urethra (the tube through which urine exits), but this is not as frequent.

In women, warts tend to develop around the vulva, within the vagina, around the anus, or on the cervix. A smear test or examination often reveals them for the first time.

HPV and Genital Warts: The Connection

Genital warts are caused by HPV (human papillomavirus). It is sexually transmissible and is quite prevalent. HPV will be contracted by most individuals at some stage in life.

There are several different HPV types. Some result in genital warts. Others cause serious medical issues, such as cervical cancer.

HPV types 6 and 11 are the primary ones that cause genital warts. They’re low-risk types, not cancer-causing, but easily transmissible. 

How Are Genital Warts Diagnosed?

If you believe you have genital warts, you should talk to a healthcare provider. They can typically diagnose them by just examining them. Occasionally, however, they have to perform a small test to confirm.

If you have warts inside your body (such as inside your vagina or anus), your physician will likely need to use special instruments to examine you properly. Women often undergo a pelvic examination or Pap smear to examine the cervix for abnormal changes. They may also use a small device to take a closer look inside. When you have anal warts, an anoscope can be used by your physician to look inside your anus.

Best Treatment Options for Genital Warts

There are several ways to treat genital warts. Your physician will advise what is most appropriate for you.

Prescription creams are usually the initial choice. Some of these are:

• Aldara (imiquimod) helps boost your immune system to fight the virus.
• Condyline (podophyllotoxin) destroys wart tissue directly.

You will have to apply them as directed, typically for several weeks.

If creams fail, there are several available treatments:

• Freezing (cryotherapy) where warts are frozen with a cold spray
• Laser treatment or surgery used for larger or stubborn warts

Cryotherapy vs. Topical Cream

Both of these treatments are effective. Creams are non-invasive and can be applied at home. But you have to be persistent and use them regularly.

Cryotherapy is faster and performed by a physician. It’s done by a physician who freezes the warts with liquid nitrogen. It kills tissue, and the wart drops off within a few days. It will hurt a little but can eliminate warts with fewer treatments.

Which is most effective depends upon your body and how big and how many warts you have. More than one kind of treatment may be required for some individuals.

Can Genital Warts Come Back?

Yes, genital warts can reappear. Even if you’re treated, the virus (HPV) can remain inside your body. Sometimes your immune system suppresses it. Other times, your warts recur, particularly if your immune system isn’t strong or under stress.

The good news is that most people do not develop warts again after treatment. But if they do, it is typically during the first few months.

Long-term Effects of Untreated Genital Warts

If left untreated, genital warts can:

• Grow larger and increase in number.
• Causing burning, itching, or discomfort.
• Affects one’s self-esteem or creates stress within relationships.

How to Protect Yourself and Others

You can’t prevent HPV entirely, but you can reduce your risk:

• Discuss STIs openly with your partner.
• Avoid sex if you identify any warts or abnormal symptoms.
• Don’t share sex toys, or at least clean them thoroughly between users.
• Get tested frequently, especially if you have new or several partners.
• Consider getting an HPV vaccine—it provides good protection.

Living with Genital Warts

Having genital warts does not define you. It’s common, treatable, and manageable. It’s okay to be embarrassed or worried, but you are not alone. Lots of people cope with this, sometimes without even knowing it.

Stay informed. Stick to your treatment. And communicate openly with your doctor and partner. With proper care, most people live their normal lives without any major issues.

If you ever have doubts, don’t hesitate, help is only a click away. With Transtoyou, it is simple to receive private, quick, and professional care, all at home.